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![ ](./photos/Inatani.jpeg width="210px" align=left) [Tatsuhiko Inatani](https://researchmap.jp/7000008734?lang=en) is a Professor at Kyoto University, Graduate School of Law. He specializes in globalized corporate crime and science, technology, and law. He is a visiting researcher at RIKEN AIP and serves on the IPA- DADC Advisory Board. He also works as a member of the institutional reform for digital transformation committee of the Japanese digital agency, a member of the sub-working study group for institutional reformation for an autonomous driving system of the Japanese digital agency, and some other governmental committees related to digital transformation of Japanese society. **Title:** “Co-habitation” Robots and Their Legal Implications. **Abstract:** Today, in the field of robot development in Japan, designs and functional designs that aim to build relationships through emotions are often adopted, and robots created in this way have been well received in the market. Behind the emergence of these robots lies a unique design concept that has been developed in Japanese robotics research, such as "weak robots." The characteristic feature of these robots is that they are designed not to realize socially meaningful functions on their own, but rather to realize socially meaningful functions through close interaction between humans and robots. Robots designed in this way are a new "species" that expands its habitat by establishing a mutually complementary relationship with people, in that it builds a close relationship with people, including emotional interaction, and enhances its significance in human society by eliciting the desired cognition and behavior of people. In this sense, they are a new "species" that expands its habitat by establishing a complementary relationship with humans. In biology, cohabitation refers to the phenomenon of different species living together by compensating for each other's deficiencies, and it is well known that these organisms often coevolve over time. Therefore, I call a new "species" of robot that builds a close relationship with humans, including emotional interaction, and enhances its significance in human society by eliciting desirable cognition and behavior from people, a "co-habitation” robot. In this talk, I discuss the role that “co-habitation” robots can play in improving human well-being and their ELSI from the perspective of Agile Governance, which is attracting attention as a new methodology for science and technology governance.